Pneumopolycystic endometritis is a rare condition of unknown etiology. Its main significance is the potential to be confused with uterine gas gangrene.
Synonyms: endometrial pneumatosis, emphysematous endometritis
Clinical findings:
(1) pneumatosis refers to air spaces in the endometrium
(2) the woman may present with menstrual irregularities, or it may be an incidental finding
(3) no signs of infection are present
(4) not associated with immunodeficiency or diabetes mellitus
(5) imaging studies may or may not detect the air spaces, depending on the sensitivity of the imaging method and the size of the air spaces
(6) associated with a benign, self-limited course with spontaneous resolution
The most important differential diagnosis is uterine gas gangrene, which is a medical emergency.
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Specialty: Infectious Diseases
