Patella alta (high riding patella) refers to the patella being proximal to its normal position.
Risk factors:
(1) cerebral palsy
Clinical features:
(1) Caton-Deschamps ratio >= 1.2
(2) patella instability (The patella lies above the constraints of the trochlear groove during portions of knee flexion.)
(3) knee pain
Complications:
(1) damage to the medial patellofemoral ligament
(2) recurrent knee dislocations
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Specialty: Surgery, orthopedic
