Henri Parinaud described a syndrome of ocular dysmotility.
Synonym: dorsal midbrain syndrome, Sylvian aqueduct syndrome
The patient may present with:
(1) diplopia
(2) blurred vision
(3) visual field defect
(4) ataxia
(5) squint
Classic triad:
(1) vertical gaze palsy (limitation of upgaze)
(2) convergence-retraction nystagmus
(3) pupillary light-near dissociation
Variable findings:
(1) hydrocephalus
(2) convergence insufficiency
(3) exotropia
Causes:
(1) midbrain hemorrhage or infarction
(2) midbrain tumor
(3) pineal region tumor
(4) arachnoid cyst
(5) cysticercosis
(6) tuberculoma
(7) multiple sclerosis
