Webster and Webster reported the Opioid Risk Score for identifying a pain patient's risk of aberrant behavior with opioids. This score can help to identify a patient who may abuse opioids. The authors are from Lifetree Pain Clinic in Salt Lake City.
Patient selection: patient at a pain clinic, presumably >= 16 years of age
Parameters:
(1) age in years
(2) sex
(3) family history (FH) of alcohol abuse
(4) family history (FH) of abusing illegal drugs
(5) family history (FH) of abusing prescription drugs
(6) personal history (PH) of alcohol abuse
(7) personal history (PH) of abusing illegal drugs
(8) personal history (PH) of abusing prescription drugs
(9) history of preadolescent sex abuse
(10) depression
(11) other psychological disorder (attention deficit disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia)
|
Parameter
|
Finding
|
Points if Female
|
Points if Male
|
|
age in years
|
16 to 45
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
> 45 years
|
0
|
0
|
|
FH alcohol abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
1
|
3
|
|
FH illegal drug abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
2
|
3
|
|
FH prescription drug abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
4
|
4
|
|
PH alcohol abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
3
|
3
|
|
PH illegal drug abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
4
|
4
|
|
PH prescription drug abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
5
|
5
|
|
preadolescent sex abuse
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
3
|
0
|
|
depression
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
1
|
1
|
|
other psychological disorder
|
no
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
yes
|
2
|
2
|
total score =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 26
• The higher the score the greater the risk.
|
Score
|
Risk
|
|
0 to 3
|
low
|
|
4 to 7
|
moderate
|
|
>= 8
|
high
|
Performance:
• The area under the ROC curve was 0.82 for males and 0.85 for females.
