Ocular toxoplasmosis can take on a spectrum of findings depending on the trajectory of disease. Ocular toxoplasmosis may be congenital or acquired; inactive, relapsed or progressive.
Lesions may be unilateral or bilateral.
The lesions may be single or multiple.
Almost all parts of the eye may be affected.
Findings on the ophthalmologic exam may include:
microphthalmia (congenital)
strabismus
nystagmus
unilateral or bilateral retinochoroiditis
unilateral or bilateral uveitis
iridocyclitis
vitritis
pigmented retinal scar
macular scar
vasculitis with hemorrhage
choroidal neovascularization
periphlebitis
posterior synechiae
disorder of the optic nerve (swelling of the optic nerve head, atrophy)
retinal detachment (tractional)
cataract
glaucoma
phthisis (shrunken, nonfunctioning eye)
