Steuber et al reported a nomogram for prediction of extracapsular extension for a male with prostate cancer. This was subsequently validated by Zorn et al.
Patient selection: prostate cancer
Parameters: (from Zorn et al)
(1) pre-operative PSA in ng/mL, from 0 to 80
(2) clinical T stage
(3) Gleason score on prostate biopsy
(4) maximum percent of core showing cancer
(5) percentage of cores positive for cancer
Parameter
Finding
Points
PSA
0.057 * (PSA)
clinical T stage
1c
0
2a
0.951
2b
3.882
2c
1.974
Gleason score
<= 5
0
6
-0.673
3+4
0.104
4+3
1.134
8 to 10
1.268
percent of cores positive
0.001 * (percent)
maximum percent
0.022 * (percent)
X =
= SUM(points for all of the parameters) - 3.33
probability of extracapsular invasion =
= 1 / (1 + EXP((-1) * X))
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