Multifactorial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (MCS) is a term used for a heterogenous group of disorders associated with chylomicronemia. It is used for patients who fail to meet criteria for familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS).
Patient selection: presence of chylomicronemia with hypertriglyceridemia
The patient may show:
(1) an onset in middle age or older
(2) a past history of normal or much lower lipid levels
(3) the presence of one or more causes of secondary hypertriglyceridemia (obesity, alcohol abuse, hypothyroidism, drugs, etc)
(4) improvement is serum lipid profile after management of conditions associated with hypertriglyceridemia
(5) a response to hypolipidemic treatment
(6) a negative family history
(7) some reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity
The patient may have a history of pancreatitis, but less frequent and less severe than FCS.
Genetic testing shows the absence of mutations that meet the criteria for familial chylomicronemia. The patient may be heterozygous for loss of function mutations in lipoprotein lipase or for genes associated with increased serum triglycerides.
