Mud volcanoes occur around the world and come in a range of sizes. They can range from small curiosities to something large enough to devastate a region.
Situations where they occur:
(1) associated with liquefaction during an earthquake
(2) release of mud under pressure, typically related to a subduction zone along a tectonic plate
Features of a mud volcano:
(1) the emperature of the mud is often cool or cold
(2) it may be associated with a release of one or more gases such as methane or carbon dioxide
Differential diagnosis:
(1) mud pot associated with hydrothermal vent
(2) lahar (mudflow) released during a volcanic eruption
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