Components - 11 scores:
(1) overall hand function (1 for left hand and 1 for right)
(2) activities of daily living (1 for left hand, 1 for right and 1 for both)
(3) work (1 for both hands)
(4) pain (1 for both hands)
(5) aesthetics (1 for left hand and 1 for right)
(6) satisfaction (1 for left hand and 1 for right)
Responses are from 1 (normal or good) to 5 (very poor or difficult or severe)
raw score for overall hand function =
= SUM(points for function of each hand)
raw score for activities of daily living =
= SUM(points for function of each hand)
raw score for work =
= SUM(points for work of each hand)
raw score for pain =
= SUM(points for pain of each hand)
raw score for aesthetics =
= SUM(points for aesthetics of each hand)
raw score for satisfaction =
= SUM(points for satisfaction with each hand)
Interpretation:
• range of scores for overall hand function: 5 to 25
• range of scores for activities of daily living: 5 to 25 for 1 hand, 5 to 35 for 2 hands
• range of scores for work: 5 to 25
• range of scores for pain: 5 to 25
• range of scores for aesthetics: 4 to 20
• range of scores for satisfaction: 6 to 30
• Missing values may affect the validity of the scales. If 50% or more of the items are unanswered then the particular subscale cannot be graded. If more than 2 scales are incomplete, then an overall score cannot be calculated.
• If 1 or 2 items are missing, then the average of the known item responses can be used to infer the missing data.
Normalization of raw scores to range of 0-100% (with 100% indicating normal):
overall hand function in percent =
= (25 – (raw score)) / 20 * 100%
activities of daily living in percent with 1 hand =
= (25 – (raw score)) / 20 * 100%
activities of daily living in percent with 2 hands =
= (35 – (raw score)) / 28 * 100%
overall ADL =
= ((ADL for hand) + (ADL for 2 hands)) / 2
work in percent =
= ((raw score) - 5) / 20 * 100%
If there is no pain in the hand ("never" response to first question), then the pain score is 5 and the function is 100%.
If there is any pain in the hand (NOT "never" response to first question), then
pain in percent =
= (25 – (raw score)) / 20 * 100%
aesthetics in percent =
= ((raw score) - 4) / 16 * 100%
satisfaction in percent =
= 30 – (raw score)) / 24 * 100%
Performance:
• The instrument has been found to be reliable and valid for measuring outcomes.
• Test-retest reliability using Spearman's correlation ranged from 0.81 to 0.97.
• Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.86 to 0.97.
• Correlation between scales indicated construct validity.
