Madarosis and milphosis relate to loss of eyelashes and/or eyebrows. These may be limited or associated with generalized alopecia. There are numerous causes.
Madarosis refers to loss of eyelashes and/or eyebrows.
Milphosis refers to loss of eyelashes only.
Hertogh sign is loss of the lateral third of the eyebrows.
Some causes of madarosis include:
(1) leprosy
(2) drugs (including cocaine)
(3) psoriasis
(4) frontal fibrosing alopecia
(5) keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei
(6) acnea rosacea
(7) telogen effluvium
(8) follicular mucinosis
(9) cutaneous sarcoidosis
(10) endocrine disorders (hyper or hypothyroidism, hypopituitarism, hypoparathyroidism)
(11) alopecia areata
(12) discorid lupus erythematosus
(13) localized scleroderma
(14) Graham-Little syndrome
(15) Parry-Romberg syndrome
(16) Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome
(17) STAR syndrome (toe syndactyly, telecanthus, anogenital and rectal malformations)
(18) malnutrition
(19) secondary syphilis
(20) Herpes zoster
(21) AIDS
(22) paracoccidioidomycosis
(23) tinea
(24) Demodex folliculorum
(25) phthiariasis palpebrarum
(26) trichotillomonia
(27) radiation therapy
(28) chemotherapy
(29) thaliium
(30) hypervitaminosis A
(31) cutaneous lymphoma
(32) other tumors
(33) systemic mastocytosis
(34) trichodysplasia spinulosa
