Li and Linghu proposed a classification for the endoscopic appearance of the esophagus associated with achalasia. The authors are from the Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing.
Patient selection: achalasia
Parameters:
(1) multi-ring structure
(2) crescent-shaped structure
(3) diverticulum
Multi-Ring Structure
Crescent-Shaped Structure
Diverticulum
Type
absent
absent
absent
I
present
absent
absent
IIa
NA
midpoint of the inner edge <= 0.33 esophageal lumen
absent
IIb
NA
midpoint of the inner edge > 0.33 esophageal lumen
absent
IIc
NA
NA
present
III
Over time achalasia tends to progress, with an increase in the Ling type.
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