Many patients with HIV disease who develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) have a poor prognosis. The presence of certain factors can help identify patients who may have a better prognosis.
Factors associated with prolonged survival in HIV patients with PML:
(1) therapy with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)
(2) high CD4 lymphocyte count at the time of diagnosis (on page 105 it mentions a subset of patients with CD4 counts > 200 per µL)
(3) increase in CD4 lymphocyte count (current minus initial) > 100 per µL
(4) low HIV viral load
(5) PML as the initial AIDS-defining condition (no previous AIDS defining conditions)
(6) low JC virus in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
(7) clearance of JC virus from the CSF
(8) lack of neurologic progression at 8 weeks after diagnosis
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