Cantu et al described a classification scheme for malignant tumors of the ethmoid sinus. The authors are from the Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori and Istituto Nazionale Neurologico in Milan, Italy.
Description of Tumor Extent
INT Stage
involves the ethmoid and nasal cavity, sparing the most superior ethmoid cells
T1
extension to or erosion of the cribriform plate with or without erosion of the lamina papyracea and without extension into the orbit
T2
extradural extension into the anterior cranial fossa AND/OR anterior two thirds of orbit AND/OR erosion of the anteroinferior wall of the sphenoid sinus AND/OR involvement of the maxillary sinus AND/OR involvement of the frontal sinus
T3
intradural extension AND/OR invasion of the orbital apex AND/OR invasion of the sphenoid sinus AND/OR invasion of the ptergyoid plate AND/OR invasion of the intratemporal fossa AND/OR invasion of the skin
T4
Table 1 page 1254
where:
• The lamina papyracea is the orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis. (medial wall of the orbit),
INT Stage
5 Year Disease Free Survival
5 Year Survival
T2
45%
64%
T3
36%
46%
T4
5%
16%
estimated from Figures 1 and 3, page 1255
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