Conditions Associated with Ischemic Colitis

 

Pathogenic processes:

(1) hypotension or decreased cardiac output

(2) luminal occlusion or constriction

(3) obstruction of collateral flow

(4) other

 

Hypotension or decreased cardiac output:

(1) heart failure

(2) cardiac arrhythmia

(3) shock from any cause

 

Drug-induced (vasoconstricting, hypotension, thrombogenic, etc):

(1) sympathomimetic drugs (cocaine, amphetamine, pseudoephedrine)

(2) vasopressin

(3) estrogens

(4) digoxin

(5) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents

(6) antihypertensive drugs

 

Vasculitis:

(1) SLE

(2) PAN

(3) rheumatoid arthritis

(4) thromboangiitis obliterans

(5) other

 

Arterial thromboemboli:

(1) cholesterol emboli

(2) endocarditis

(3) sickle cell disease

(4) thrombosis associated with hypercoagulable state

(5) thrombosis from other causes

 

Vascular disease:

(1) atherosclerosis

(2) dissecting aortic aneurysm

 

Intra-abdominal process:

(1) tumor

(2) volvulus or strangulated hernia

(3) adhesions

(4) diverticulitis

(5) intra-abdominal infection

(6) intra-abdominal inflammatory process

(7) schistosomiasis

 

Surgery:

(1) coronary artery bypass

(2) aortic aneurysm repair

(3) colectomy with ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery

(4) gynecologic surgery

(5) other ligation of a mesenteric artery

 

Other:

(1) trauma

(2) extreme exertion, including long-distance running

(3) vascular anomaly