An internal hernia can result in small bowel obstruction and/or strangulation with ischemia. A number of anatomic sites can give rise to an internal hernia.
An internal hernia is:
(1) a protrusion of abdominal viscera (most often small bowel)
(2) through a peritoneal or mesenteric aperture
(3) into the abdominal or pelvic cavity
Anatomical sites associated with an internal hernia include:
(1) left paraduodenal (through Landzert's fossa)
(2) right paraduodenal (through Waldeyer's fossa)
(3) foramen of Winslow
(4) pericecal
(5) sigmoid mesocolon
(6) transmesenteric (including Roux-en-Y related)
(7) transmental
(8) supravesical and pelvic
Additional sites may be associated with:
(1) congenital malformations
(2) trauma
(3) surgery
(4) intra-abdominal inflammation
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