A male with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) should be referred to a specialist if certain findings are present.
Patient selection: male with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Indications for referral:
(1) history of recurrent urinary tract infection
(2) microscopic or macroscopic hematuria
(3) history of previous genitourinary surgery or trauma
(4) elevated serum PSA
(5) abnormal digital prostate exam
(6) evidence of urinary retention
(7) uncertain diagnosis
(8) lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to medical management
(9) bladder stone
(10) suspicion of neurologic cause of symptoms
(11) patient desire to see a specialist
