Immune-checkpoint blocking antibodies are associated with a number of adverse effects that may include the heart.
Therapy: antibodies against CTLA-4 and PD1
Mechanism of cardiac injury: immune-mediated
Adverse effects may include:
(1) myocarditis with T-cells and macrophages
(2) pericarditis
(3) cardiomyopathy
(4) heart block
(5) myocardial fibrosis
Risk factors:
(1) combination immunotherapy
(2) delay in diagnosis with delay in initiating therapy with corticosteroids
(3) pre-existing cardiac disease
Clinical features may include:
(1) heart failure
(2) chest pain
(3) dyspnea
(4) fatigue
The diagnosis requires exclusion of other causes.
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Specialty: Hematology Oncology, Cardiology
