Immune-checkpoint blocking antibodies are associated with a number of adverse effects that may include the heart.
Therapy: antibodies against CTLA-4 and PD1
Mechanism of cardiac injury: immune-mediated
Adverse effects may include:
(1) myocarditis with T-cells and macrophages
(2) pericarditis
(3) cardiomyopathy
(4) heart block
(5) myocardial fibrosis
Risk factors:
(1) combination immunotherapy
(2) delay in diagnosis with delay in initiating therapy with corticosteroids
(3) pre-existing cardiac disease
Clinical features may include:
(1) heart failure
(2) chest pain
(3) dyspnea
(4) fatigue
The diagnosis requires exclusion of other causes.
To read more or access our algorithms and calculators, please log in or register.
Specialty: Hematology Oncology, Cardiology