Causes of pseudomacroglossia:
(1) habitual posturing of tongue anteriorly
(2) displacement
(2a) hypertrophy of tonsils and adenoids
(2b) extrinsic cysts or tumors
(3) reduced oral cavity volume
(3a) low palatal vault
(3b)transverse, vertical or anteroposterior deficiency in the maxillary or mandibular arches
(4) severe mandibular deficiency
Optimal correction of pseudomacroglossia depends on the cause.
(1) Displacement due to enlarged lymphoid tissue, cysts or tumors can be corrected by surgical removal of cause.
(2) Orthognathic surgery can be used to advance the mandible, which can increase the oral cavity volume.
(3) Anterior posturing of the tongue may be reduced by behavioral counseling.
