Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can be a cause of hemorrhagic cystitis. The diagnosis may be delayed if the possibility is not considered.
Patient selection: hemorrhagic cystitis
HSV hemorrhagic cystitis:
(1) may be part of a systemic infection or localized only to the bladder
(2) may affect immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients
(3) may be associated with an indwelling urinary catheter or urinary tract instrumentation
The diagnosis is made by:
(1) demonstration of the virus in cytology, bladder biopsy, viral culture or PCR
(2) exclusion of other causes
False negative test results can occur if the urine sample is mishandled (delay in testing, contamination, etc).
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Specialty: Infectious Diseases, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urology, Otolaryngology
