The pattern of hemodynamic changes in a patient with shock may indicate the underlying pathogenic mechanism.
Parameters:
(1) blood pressure
(2) cardiac output
(3) pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP)
(4) systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Blood Pressure |
Cardiac Output |
PCWP |
SVR |
Shock Pattern |
decreased |
decreased |
decreased |
increased |
hypovolemic |
decreased |
decreased |
increased |
increased |
cardiogenic |
decreased or normal |
decreased or normal |
increased or normal |
increased or normal |
obstructive, cardiac tamponade |
decreased |
decreased |
normal or decreased |
increased |
obstructive, massive pulmonary embolism |
decreased |
increased |
decreased |
decreased |
distributive |
where:
• Decreased systemic vascular resistance indicates vasodilation.
• Increased systemic vascular resistance indicates vasoconstriction.
Parameter |
Normal Range |
systolic blood pressure |
100 – 140 mm Hg |
cardiac output |
>= 5 liters per minute |
pulmonary capillary wedge pressure |
3 – 12 mm Hg |
systemic vascular resistance |
800 – 1,200 dyne•sec•cm^(-5) |
Specialty: Critical Care, Emergency Medicine, Cardiology
ICD-10: ,