A patent foramen ovale may be associated with a number of adverse events. Its significance may go unrecognized.
Conditions that may be associated with a patent foramen ovale:
(1) transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke
(2) embolic myocardial infarction
(3) peripheral arterial embolism
Situations that may be worse if the patient has a patent foramen ovale:
(1) pulmonary embolism
(2) high altitude exposure
(3) diving
(4) sleep apnea
(5) surgery
(6) placement of pacemaker or defibrillator electrodes
Conditions that may be associated with patent foramen ovale:
(1) migraine
(2) desaturation during exercise
(3) platypnoea orthodeoxia (dyspnea and hypoxemia when upright with resolution if recumbent)
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Specialty: Cardiology, Neurology
