Pes adductus is a malformation of the foot with the anterior half rotated medially relative to the normal longitudinal axis of the foot.
Patient positioning: supine with legs in the neutral position, with the toes pointing up.
Normally a vertical line through the middle of the heel will pass through the second toe on its lateral side. With medial rotation of the anterior foot, this line will pass through the third, fourth or fifth foot.
Parameters:
(1) toe through which the vertical line passes
(2) curvature of the medial aspect of the foot
Line Goes Through
Curvature of the Foot
Grade
lateral aspect of second toe
normal
normal (Grade 0)
medial to mid third toe
normal
mild (Grade 1)
lateral third toe
mild increase
moderate (Grade 2)
fourth or fifth toe
moderate to marked increase
severe (Grade 3)
Differential diagnosis:
(1) internal rotation of the lower extremity at the hip
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