Description

Exposure to cyanide (HCN) may occur as an unexpected event in a number of situations. Some exposures requires metabolism of cyanogenic (cyanide-producing) compounds in the gastrointestinal tract. Recognition of these sources can result in earlier diagnosis and treatment. Chronic, low dose exposures can be particularly difficult to recognize.


 

Possible sources of cyanide poisoning:

(1) intentional poisoning with cyanide (homicide, suicide, genocide)

(2) ingestion of plants containing cyanogenic glycosides (see below), including "natural teas"

(3) laetrile (derived from amygdalin, which is extracted from bitter almonds or apricot seeds)

(4) fire with smoke inhalation involving plastic furniture, silk, wool and other sources

(5) electroplating

(6) plastic manufacture

(7) making and handling synthetic rubber

(8) mining of gold and other ores

(9) manufacture and ingestion of phencyclidine (PCP)

(10) pesticides and insecticides

(11) dehairing of animal hides

(12) laboratory work (Coulter hematology analyzer, chemical analysis, other)

(13) nitroprusside therapy

(14) tobacco smoking (chronic toxicity)

(15) certain photographic processes

 

Plants containing cyanogenic glycosides:

(1) cassava beans

(2) certain tropical lima beans

(3) Sorghum

(4) fruit seeds and pits (apricot, plum, peach, pear and apple seeds)

(5) leaves, bark and shoots of many plants

(6) bitter almonds

 


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