Estimates of Daily Energy and Protein Requirements per Day

Stress Level

Example

Estimated Daily Energy Requirement (kcal per kg IBW per day)

mild

mild infection, elective surgery

25

moderate

severe infection, fracture

35

severe

severe burn, hepatic failure

45

Disease State

Example

Protein Requirements (gram per kg IBW per day)

healthy and nonstressed

0.8

mild metabolic stress

elective hospitalization

1.0-1.1

moderate metabolic stress

infection, complicated post-operative care

1.2-1.4

severe metabolic stress

major trauma, sepsis, pancreatitis

1.5-2.5

pregnancy

1.3-1.5

renal failure without dialysis

0.6-1.0

renal failure with dialysis

1.0-1.3

liver disease without encephalopathy

1.0-1.5

liver disease with encephalopathy

0.5-0.75

bone marrow transplantation

1.4-1.5