The thickness of subcutaneous fat can be estimated from a number of parameters. This can be important when planning a subcutaneous injection so that the needle insertion is not too much (into skeletal muscle) or too little (into the dermis). The authors are from University Hospital Tuebingen and Ypsomed AG in Europe.
Outcome: thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) in centimeters
Parameters:
(1) gender
(2) waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)
(3) anatomic site on the body
waist-to-hip ratio =
= (waist circumference in cm) / (hip circumference in cm)
SCAT in scm =
= ((slope value for site and gender) * (WHR)) + (intercept for site and gender)
Female
|
Site |
Slope |
Intercept |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
0.06 |
2.85 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
1.16 |
1.51 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
0.21 |
2.62 |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
-0.85 |
3.79 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
-0.76 |
3.32 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
-0.53 |
3.12 |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
-0.19 |
3.26 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
0.21 |
2.50 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
-0.32 |
3.0 |
|
left thigh, ventral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
-2.73 |
4.33 |
|
left thigh, 45 degrees lateral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
-11.1 |
12.39 |
|
left thigh, 90 degrees lateral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
-12.31 |
14.19 |
|
left thigh, ventral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
-3.64 |
4.93 |
|
left thigh, 45 degrees lateral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
-6.24 |
7.0 |
|
left thigh, 90 degrees lateral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
-6.67 |
7.76 |
|
buttocks (gluteus maximus, 135 degrees lateral |
-6.33 |
9.36 |
|
upper arm, middle and 70 degrees lateral |
-3.15 |
4.56 |
Male
|
Site |
Slope |
Intercept |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
4.74 |
-2.41 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
4.69 |
-2.64 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm cranial to umbilicus |
2.36 |
-0.72 |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
4.24 |
-1.68 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
5.73 |
-3.43 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, at level of umbilicus |
2.94 |
-1.22 |
|
abdominal wall, 5 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
4.51 |
-2.03 |
|
abdominal wall, 10 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
5.28 |
-3.09 |
|
abdominal wall, 15 cm lateral to medial line, 4 cm caudal to umbilicus |
4.41 |
-2.65 |
|
left thigh, ventral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
1.95 |
-0.48 |
|
left thigh, 45 degrees lateral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
1.16 |
0.19 |
|
left thigh, 90 degrees lateral, 15 cm caudal to femoral head |
1.39 |
0.29 |
|
left thigh, ventral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
0.93 |
0.21 |
|
left thigh, 45 degrees lateral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
0.62 |
0.17 |
|
left thigh, 90 degrees lateral, 30 cm caudal to femoral head |
0.38 |
0.47 |
|
buttocks (gluteus maximus, 135 degrees lateral |
3.48 |
-1.05 |
|
upper arm, middle and 70 degrees lateral |
2.06 |
-0.77 |
Performance:
• These equations were less predictive than those based on BMI.
ICD-10: ,
