Echocardiographic Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Killip Class for Mortality Prediction after Acute Myocardial Infarction

 

Parameters:

(1) age of patient in years

(2) left ventricular ejection fraction by echocardiography performed up to 72 hours after the myocardial infarction

(3) the maximum Killip class during the admission, corresponding to the worst cardiogenic state

 

Killip class

Clinical Findings	Clinical Group	Killip Class
no clinical signs of cardiac decompensation	no heart failure	I
heart failure, with rales, S3 gallop and venous hypertension	heart failure	II
frank pulmonary edema	severe heart failure	III
hypotension (systolic blood pressure <= 90 mm Hg), cyanosis, oliguria, diaphoresis, pulmonary edema	cardiogenic shock	IV

 

Mortality Calculation for 2 and 12 Months

 

mortality at 2 months =

= 1 - EXP((-1) * (X))

 

X =

= (0.051 * EXP((Y)))

 

Y =

= (0.044 * ((age) - 60)) - (0.117 * ((left ventricular ejection fraction) - 40))

 

where:

• The ejection fraction is the percent from 0 to 100.

 

mortality at 1 year =

= 1 - EXP((-1) * (A))

 

A =

= (0.101 * EXP((B)))

 

B =

= (0.408 * ((maximum Killip class) - 1)) - (0.061 * ((left ventricular ejection fraction) - 40))