A patient with congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) following intrauterine infection may have dysmorphic facial features.
Patient selection: congenital Zika syndrome
Dysmorphic facial features:
(1) broad, short (round) face
(2) decreased intercanthal distance
(3) short posterior nasal length (distance from the deepest point of the nasal root to the tip of the nose)
(4) prominent nasal root with broad nasal wings
(5) high-set and long ears
(6) increased chin height index
A variety of facial indices are shown in Figure 2.
Chin height is the distance from the anterior inferior base of the chin to the lower edge of the lower lip.
Total facial height is the distance from the base of the chin to the glabella.
chin height to total facial height ratio =
= (chin height in mm) / (total facial height in mm)
An increased chin height to total facial height ratio >= 0.0229 had a 94% sensitivity and 81% specificity for CZS.
