Disseminated infection with Actinomyces is rare and often difficult to diagnose as it may mimic many other conditions.
Disseminated actinomycosis:
(1) is associated with hematogenous spread
(2) is a systemic disorder that involves 3 or more noncontiguous regions
(3) may be associated with immunosuppression or debilitation
The diagnosis is often not considered until the organism is seen on histology (as sulfur granules), on Gram stain or in anaerobic culture.
It should be considered when Actinomyces is seen in an uncommon site (central nervous system, bone, viscera) without an adjacent focus.
Differential diagnosis:
(1) metastatic carcinoma or malignant lymphoma
(2) tuberculosis or disseminated deep fungal infection
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Specialty: Infectious Diseases
ICD-10: ,
