Some patients with HIV infection will develop the diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) associated with a proliferation of CD8-positive lymphocytes. These patients are at risk for developing non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma.
Clinical features
(1) The patient is positive for antibody to HIV-1.
(2) There is a persistent CD8-positive lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood.
(3) There are persistent diffuse tissue infiltrates with CD8-positive lymphocytes, causing:
(3a) painless unilateral or bilateral parotid gland enlargement with or without benign lymphoepithelial cysts
(3b) cervical lymphadenopathy
(3c) lymphoid pulmonary infiltrates
(4) A patient with parotid gland involvement may develop a sicca (secondary Sjogren's) syndrome.
The lymphoid infiltrates usually regress with HAART.
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