Inflammation and enlargement of the parotid gland can occur for a number of reasons.
Infectious:
(1) suppurative (bacterial)
(2) viral (mumps, HIV, etc)
(3) tuberculosis, other mycobacteria
(4) fungal
Drug-induced:
(1) l-asparaginase
(2) clozapine or thioridazine
(3) phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone
Immune:
(1) Sjogren's syndrome
(2) sarcoidosis
(3) IgG4-related
Other:
(1) juvenile recurrent parotitis
(2) eosinophilic sialodochitis
(3) postoperative parotitis
(4) noninvasive ventilation
Differential diagnosis:
(1) malignant lymphoma
(2) salivary gland tumor
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Specialty: Otolaryngology
