Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome is an epileptic encephalopathy that may have several causes.
Onset: usually between 3 and 7 years of age
Key features at initial presentation:
(1) multiple seizure types (see below)
(2) therapy resistance with incomplete seizure control
(3) EEG changes, with interictal bursts of slow spike-wave complexes (< 3 Hz) and/or generalized paroxysmal fast activity during sleep (10-20 Hz)
Additional key features that may present later:
(1) intellectual disability
Seizure types (types 1 to 3 typical, types 4 to 7 variable):
(1) tonic (predominantly occur at night)
(2) atonic
(3) atypical absence
(4) epileptic spasms
(5) nonconvulsive status epilepticus
(6) focal seizures
(7) myoclonic seizures
Complications:
(1) poor social functioning
(2) disability
(3) fall injury
