Diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI) in a Combat Wound

An invasive fungal infection (IFI) may develop in a combat wound.

Risk factors for invasive fungal infection (IFI):

(1) massive transfusion (> 20 units packed RBCs within 24 hours of injury)

(2) associated injuries (extensive perineal, genitourinary, rectal, pelvic, abdominal)

(3) blast injury

(4) dismounted status

(5) above-the-knee amputation

Clinical findings:

(1) persistent/progressive/recurrent necrosis following 2 or more consecutive surgical debridement

(2) laboratory evidence (culture, smear, biopsy)