Devices or equipment that can cause artifacts in an ECG:
(1) electrical stimulator (transcutaneous nerve, spinal cord, thalamic, other)
(2) hemodialysis unit
(3) pheresis unit (plasmapheresis, leukopheresis)
(4) cardiopulmonary bypass pump
(5) mechanical ventilator
(6) intravenous fluid or blood warmer
(7) extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy unit
(8) endoscope (bronchoscope, sinus, other)
(9) core temperature monitor
(10) pressure-controlled irrigation pump
(11) orthopedic shaver
(12) intraoperative MRI unit
(13) cell phone
(14) evoked potentials monitoring unit
Defects in the ECG display device (monitor, printer, etc):
(1) defective insulation
(2) defective 50/60 Hz filter or shielding
(3) defective grounding
(4) excessive vibration
