The presence of both malnutrition and sarcopenia in an older adult is termed the Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome (MSS). The authors are from the University of Antwerp and Abbott Laboratories.
Patient selection: older adult (> 65 years)
Criteria for a high risk of MSS - 4 or 5 of the following:
(1) recent history of reduced appetite with poor food intake
(2) unintentional weight loss >= 3 kilograms over the past 3 months
(3) low muscle mass (by DEXA, MRI, CT, etc)
(4) gait speed < 0.8 meters per second
(5) reduced hand grip strength for age and gender
where:
• Items 1 and 2 indicate a high risk of malnutrition.
• Items 3 to 5 indicate a high risk for sarcopenia.
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