Myalgia affecting the temporalis and/or masseter muscle(s) may present as temporomandibular pain. Criteria for the diagnosis of myalgia have been published by the International RDC/TMD Consortium and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group (OPSIG).
Criteria - all of the following:
(1) positive history as indicated by both of the following:
(1a) pain in the jaw, temple, in front of the ear or in the ear
(1b) pain modified with jaw movement, function and/or parafunction
(2) positive exam with both of the following:
(2a) pain localized to the temporalis and/or masseter muscle(s)
(2b) "familiar" pain provoked by either palpation of the muscle or maximum unassisted or assisted opening movements
(3) The pain is not better explained by another pain diagnosis.
Performance:
• The sensitivity was 90% and specificity 99%.
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