Lapolla et al reported criteria for the diagnosis and severity determination for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
Parameters:
(1) blood glucose in mg/dL
(2) serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) in mmol/L
(3) serum bicarbonate in mmol/L
(4) venous pH
(5) urine ketones
Features of diabetic ketoacidosis:
(1) usually elevated blood glucose (> 200 mg/dL) but in euglycemic DKA it may be < 200 mg/dL
(2) ketonemia or ketonuria (2+ or greater)
(3) metabolic acidosis
|
BHB
|
Serum Bicarbonate
|
pH
|
Severity
|
|
3-6 mmol/L
|
11 to 14 mmol/L
|
> 7.2
|
mild
|
|
3-6 mmol/L
|
5 to 10 mmol/L
|
7.1 to 7.2
|
moderate
|
|
> 6 mmol/L
|
< 5 mmol/L
|
< 7.1
|
severe
|
