Ay et al listed criteria for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke caused by cardio-arotic embolism. The authors are from Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, UCLA Medical Center, Columbia University and NINDS (of NIH).
Parameters:
(1) source of cardio-aortic emboli
(2) systemic embolism
(3) features of cerebral emboli
(4) other causes
Classic features of cardio-aortic cerebral emboli:
(1) multiple acute infarcts
(2) occurrence within a closely related period of time
(3) involve both right and left OR anterior and posterior circulations
Exclusions:
(1) near or complete occlusive stenosis of cerebral arteries to affected areas
(2) vasculitis
(3) vasculopathies
(4) hemostatic or hemodynamic disturbances
(5) other causes of multifocal ischemic brain injury
Source
Systemic Emboli
Cerebral Emboli
Other Causes
Diagnosis
high risk
NA
NA
NA
evident
NA
present
classic features
excluded
probable
low or uncertain
present
NA
incomplete exclusion
possible
where:
• The categories of high, low and uncertain risk sources are discussed in Chapter 06.
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