Criteria - both of the following:
(1) moderate or severe hypophosphatemia (< 0.90 mmol/L if < 12 months of age; < 0.8 if >= 1 year of age), AND
(2) clinical and/or radiographic findings consistent with rickets
Clinical findings:
(1) genu valgum ("knock knee"; knees abnormally close together)
(2) genu varum ("bow legs")
(3) rachitic rosary (bulging of the costochondral junctions
(4) craniotabes (softness of the bones in the skull, usually involving the occipital and parietal bones along the lambdoidal sutures; this may result in posterior flattening of the skull)
(5) swollen wrists and ankles
(6) abnormal gait
(7) painful limp
Radiographic findings:
(1) wide epiphyseal plate
(2) expanded metaphysis
(3) reduced bone density (osteomalacia)
(4) subperiosteal erosions (secondary hyperparathyroidism)
