Congenital and infantile cataracts may occur for a large number of reasons, including as an acquired disorder.
Categories:
(1) ipsilator ocular disorder
(2) intrauterine infection
(3) intrauterine drug exposure
(4) intrauterine ionizing radiation exposure
(5) intrauterine or perinatal metabolic disorder
(6) idopathic
Associated with ipsilateral ocular disorder:
(1) microphthalmia
(2) persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous aniridia
(3) aniridia plus
(4) anterior chamber dysgenesis
(5) retinopathy of prematurity
(6) ectopia lentis
(7) posterior keratoconus
(8) intraocular tumor
Associated with intrauterine infection:
(1) rubella
(2) cytomegalovirus (CMV)
(3) varicella-Herpes zoster
(4) Herpes simplex (HSV)
(5) toxoplasmosis
(6) syphilis
(7) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
(8) measles
(9) poliomyelitis
Associated with intrauterine drug exposure
(1) chlorpromazine
(2) corticosteroids
(3) sulfonamides
(4) vitamin D
(5) vitamin A
Associated with an intrauterine metabolic disorder:
(1) galactosemia
(2) galactokinase deficiency
(3) hyperglycinuria
(4) sialidosis
(5) alpha-mannosidosis
(6) sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency
(7) hypocalcemia
(8) hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism
(9) maternal galactokinase deficiency
(10) maternal diabetes
Specialty: Ophthalmology