Conditions in the Differential Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis

Infection:

(1) syphilis

(2) meningitis

(3) hepatitis C

(4) facial cellulitis

(5) ethmoid sinusitis

(6) sepsis

Rheumatologic disorders other than giant cell arteritis:

(1) granulomatosis with polyangiitis

(2) Takayasu arteritis

(3) Crohn disease

(4) rheumatoid arthritis

(5) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

(6) Hashimoto thyroiditis

(7) Takayasu arteritis

Ophthalmologic disorders:

(1) worsening glaucoma

(2) age-related macular degeneration

(3) optic neuritis

(4) vitreoretinitis

(5) nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

Cardiovascular disease:

(1) carotid artery disease

(2) progressive angina

(3) hypertension

Neurologic disorders:

(1) enlarging cavernous sinus aneurysm

(2) polio neuropathy

Drug-related:

(1) amiodarone

(2) metformin

(3) statin

(4) cocaine

(5) methamphetamine

Other:

(1) central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia

(2) cancer

(3) cervical facet osteoarthritis