A number of conditions may be mistaken for papilledema.
Conditions that may be mistaken for papilledema:
(1) arteriovenous malformation of the retina
(2) Bergmeister papilla with or without epipapillary membrane
(3) cervicooculoacousticus syndrome
(4) Down's syndrome
(5) Drusen of the optic nerve
(6) Fuchs coloboma
(7) hematoma
(8) high hyperopia or astigmatism
(9) juvenile diabetes mellitus (Mauriac syndrome)
(10) medullated nerve fibers
(11) normal variant of the optic disc
(12) opacities or haziness of the media
(13) optic neuritis or papillitis
(14) peripapillary retinal hemangioma
(15) sarcoidosis
(16) tilted optic disc
(17) tortuosity and anomalous early branching of retinal vessels
(18) tumor (glioma, meningioma, neurinoma, neurofibroma, metastatic cancer)
