Hepatic Sinusoidal Dilatation (HSD) may be associated with a number of underlying conditions.
Conditions associated with HSD:
(1) intrahepatic tumors
(2) congestive heart failure
(3) blockage of hepatic venous outflow
(4) veno-occlusive disease (VOD)
(5) granulomatous disorders (Crohn’s disease, tuberculosis)
(6) infections including HIV and brucellosis
(7) infiltration of the sinusoids by benign or malignant cells
(8) nodular regenerative hyperplasia
(9) perisinusoidal fibrosis
(10) hepatoportal sclerosis
(11) incomplete septal fibrosis
(12) oral contraceptives
(13) other drugs (azathioprine, vitamin A)
(14) hypercoagulable states including antiphospholipid syndrome
(15) toxins (thorium salts, arsenic, vinyl chloride)
(16) autoimmune disorders
where:
• Nodular regenerative hyperplasia, perisinusoidal fibrosis, hepatoportal sclerosis and incomplete septal fibrosis can result in architectural alterations causing non-cirrhotic intrahepatic portal hypertension.
• Autoimmune disorders may overlap with other conditions due to antiphospholipid syndrome, medications, granulomatous inflammation, vasculitis, etc.
If no associated condition can be found after a complete workup then it is termed idiopathic.
Specialty: Gastroenterology
ICD-10: ,