Exposure to cold for a period of time can increase blood pressures in certain individuals.
Manifestation: The mean blood pressure in winter is greater than the mean blood pressure in summer. The patient may meet criteria for hypertension during the winter but be normotensive during the summer.
Risk factors:
(1) male sex
(2) prehypertension
(3) diabetes
(4) higher body mass index (BMI)
The hypertension may be mineralocorticoid-induced and salt dependent.
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