Clinical Staging Criteria for Hantavirus Associated Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS)

Patient selection: hantavirus-associated hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Route of exposure: inhalation of aerosolized rodent secretions

Clinical features: fever, hemorrhage, renal dysfunction, variable hypotension

The febrile stage is defined by a body temperature >= 37.3°C, which typically lasts 4-7 days.

The hypotensive shock stage is defined as systolic blood pressure <= 90 mm Hg, which typically occurs 4-6 days after disease onset.

Nonfebrile renal stages are based on 24-hour urine output.