Clinical findings suggesting malignancy for a patient with a urachal mass (Ashley et al):
(1) age of the patient >= 55 years of age
(2) hematuria
Additional clinical findings:
(1) irritative voiding symptoms (frequency, dysuria, other)
(2) pyuria and/or bacteruria (urinary tract infection)
(3) suprapubic pain
(4) gross or microscopic mucosuria
(5) palpable suprapubic, infraumbilical abdominal mass
(6) discharge of blood or pus from the umbilicus
(7) male gender
Imaging findings:
(1) filling defect in the bladder dome
(2) stippled calcifications in a mass in the bladder dome or a suprapubic mass
Potential misdiagnosis:
(1) simple urinary tract infection
(2) urothelial bladder cancer
