Mechanism of injury: generation of free radicals
Routes of poisoning: ingestion, vapor inhalation, skin contact.
Exposure may occur during inhalation abuse of volatile solvents.
Onset of symptoms may be delayed up to 14 days after exposure.
Clinical features may include combinations of:
(1) toxic hepatitis with centrilobular necrosis
(2) acute renal failure from tubular necrosis
(3) cardiac arrhythmia
(4) central nervous system toxicity (drowsiness, coma, hallucinations)
(5) gastrointestinal symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
(6) dermatitis at sites of skin contact
