Retrograde ejaculation occurs when there is a failure of the bladder neck to contract during ejaculation, allowing the ejaculate to enter the urinary bladder.
(3) previous trauma or surgery to the bladder neck (neurogenic)
(4) spinal cord injury (neurogenic)
(5) urethral stricture
(3) drugs (methyldopa, guanethidine, clonidine, phenoxybenzamine or other alpha blocker, haloperidol)
Clinical findings:
(1) moderate to marked reduction in ejaculate volume
(2) Centrifuged sample of the first post-ejaculation urine specimen shows numerous spermatozoa. This should be done soon after ejaculation to prevent breakdown of the sperm in the urine.
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