Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a potentially life-threatening infection.
Genus: Nairovirus
Family: Bunyavirus
Distribution: Africa, Central Asia, Middle East, southeast Europe
Transmission: ticks, body fluids, other
Incubation: 3 to 7 days
Clinical features:
(1) fever
(2) chills
(3) severe headache
(4) dizziness
(5) abdominal pain
(6) nausea and vomiting
(7) diarrhea
(8) back and muscle pain
(9) neuropsychiatric changes
(10) hemorrhagic features (petechiae, ecchymosis, bleeding)
Laboratory findings:
(1) thrombocytopenia
(2) leukopenia
(3) elevated liver function tests (LFTs)
(4) elevated CK
(5) abnormal PT, INR and aPTT
The mortality rate ranges from 5 to 80%.
The diagnosis requires:
(1) exclusion of other diseases
(2) evidence of the CCHF virus by PCR or other method
