Classification of Schaeffer and Close for Endoscopic Findings in Tracheal and Laryngeal Trauma

Schaeffer and Close classified trauma to the larynx and trachea based on the extent of injury seen on endoscopy.

Endoscopic Findings	Group
minor mucosal disruption/laceration/tear	I
minor endolaryngeal hematoma	I
moderate mucosal lacerations and edema	II
significant/severe injury requiring surgical exploration	III
massive injury (exposed cartilage, vocal cord injury, displaced fractures)	IV

I will use Group 0 to describe a normal endoscopic examination.

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