Manson et al classified fractures involving the naso-orbitoethmoid (NOE) complex along the medioinferior aspect of the orbit.
Parameters:
(1) size and number of bone fragments
(2) status of the medial canthal tendon and its osseous insertion (in the region of the lacrimal fossa)
Number of Bone Fragments |
Medial Canthal Tendon |
Type |
few and large |
intact |
I |
multiple and small (comminution) |
intact |
II |
variable |
disrupted |
III |
Complications:
(1) telecanthus (increased separation of the inner canthi, especially with disruption of the medial canthal tendon)
(2) malpositioning of the globe
(3) damage to the walls of the ethmoid sinus
(4) disruption of the nasofrontal duct, with risk of mucocele (especially with comminution)
Specialty: Surgery, orthopedic, Emergency Medicine, Critical Care, Surgery, general, Otolaryngology
ICD-10: ,